1938
Administrative policy / housingSupplement
FHA underwriting manual formalizes racial exclusion
United States; Black residents and integrated neighborhoods
Federal underwriting guidance treated racial mixing as a threat to property values and favored restrictive covenants. The manual documented racism within the rules used to support mortgage lending.
Dates preserve the source’s precision. This entry is part of a selected historical record; its qualifications and sources are retained below.
Context / qualification
The manual is evidence of explicit policy; individual lending decisions require their own records.