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1930s

Forced migration / discriminationSupplement

Mexican repatriation campaigns

United States and Mexico; Mexican immigrants and U.S. citizens of Mexican ancestry

Economic crisis fueled organized pressure to leave the United States. Raids, coercion and expulsion reached citizens as well as immigrants, often on the basis of perceived Mexican identity.

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Context / qualification

The campaigns involved different authorities and forms of pressure; not every departure was a formal deportation.

Sources

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Jim Crow, exclusion, and imperial expansion

Segregation, racial violence, immigration exclusion, and forced assimilation shaped everyday life and national policy.

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