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July 1863

Racial violenceBook sources

New York’s draft riots become attacks on Black residents

New York City

Resistance to the Civil War draft escalated into mob attacks on Black New Yorkers, including lynchings and the burning of the Colored Orphan Asylum. Anger over unequal draft obligations combined with anti-Black hostility.

Dates preserve the source’s precision. This entry is part of a selected historical record; its qualifications and sources are retained below.

Context / qualification

Economic grievances do not excuse or erase the targeting of Black people. This entry does not attribute participation to all Irish immigrants or adopt the chapter’s casualty estimate.

Sources

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Civil War, emancipation, and Reconstruction

Emancipation and constitutional change opened a democratic possibility that white terror and political retreat would sharply limit.

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